Vocabulary
limiting reactant
reactant than runs out first and determines amount of product
How many moles is 100.0 grams of silicon
3.560 moles
mass of 0.12 moles of potassium chloride (KCl)
8.9 g
hydrated
a compound that has absorbed water
How many molecules exist in 10.0 grams of aluminum chloride (AlCl3)?
4.52x10^22 molecules
A chemist is using the following reaction 2Al (s) + 3CuSO4 (aq) -> Al2S3O12 (aq) + 3Cu (s) to make copper (Cu). If he uses 100.0 grams of aluminum and excess CuSO4 , how many grams of copper can he make?
353.3 g
anhydrous
form of a hygroscopic compound without water
mass of 1.761 moles of ethanol (C2H6O)
81.15 g.
How many moles is 500.0 grams of glucose (C6H12O6)
s 2.775 moles
The hydrate of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) has ten water molecules for every sodium carbonate molecule. Write the chemical formula of hydrated sodium carbonate.
Na2CO3 ?10H2O
stoichiometry
relating amounts of reactants and/or products
A chemist is running the following chemical reaction: 4NH3 + 5O2 -> 4NO + 6H2O If she wants to make 15.0 g of water, how much NH3 does she need?
9.46 g
Consider the following reaction: 3NaOH (aq) + H3PO4 (aq) -> Na3PO4 (aq) + 3H2O (l) How many grams of H3PO4 (aq) are necessary to make 100.0 moles of water?
3,266 g
A chemist is making hydrogen according to the following chemical equation: Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) -> MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) If he adds 15 moles of HCl (aq) to an excess of Mg (s), how many moles of H2 (g) will he make?
7.5 moles
hygroscopic
readily absorbing moisture, even from environment
A chemist has 5.0?1025 molecules of ammonia (NH3). How many moles is that? How many grams is that?
83 moles and 1,400 g.
2Na + S + 2O2 -> Na2SO4
If you want to make 10.0 moles of Na2SO4
a. How many moles of sodium would you need? b. How many moles of sulfur would you need? c. How many moles of oxygen would you need?
20.0 moles, 10.0 moles, 20.0 moles
The hydrate of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) has ten water molecules for every sodium carbonate molecule.If you have 50.0 grams of the anhydrous form, how many grams of water can it absorb?
85.1 g